A bunion is a bony bump that forms at the base of the big toe. The big toe gradually moves towards the smaller toes, causing the joint to stick outwards. Bunions can be painful, or develop painful corns, swelling, redness, and difficulty finding comfortable footwear.
A bunion develops when, instead of pointing straight ahead, the big toe begins to lean towards the second toe. This causes the joint at the base of the toe to protrude outwards.
Bunions often develop slowly over time and symptoms can vary depending on the severity of the condition. Some people experience pain, swelling, redness, and irritation around the joint, particularly when wearing shoes. The area may become inflamed due to friction and pressure. As the bunion progresses, it can also affect how the foot functions during walking.
Although bunions do not improve on their own, early assessment and management can help reduce discomfort and prevent the condition from worsening. Addressing footwear choices, reducing pressure on the joint, and understanding the underlying foot mechanics are key parts of managing the condition.